Genetics and DNA testing

DNA testing is an extremely useful tool in modern genealogy. More and more commercial providers offer various tests, which are basically divided into three main groups:

  1. Autosomal DNA (atDNA) An autosomal DNA test analyzes 22 pairs of non-sex chromosomes and allows for finding common ancestors across all lines, usually up to 5 or 7 generations back. These tests are the most widespread and accessible (the price is around 80 EUR, but during discounts, it can drop to 40 EUR or less). Some providers also determine an approximate Y-DNA or mtDNA haplogroup with the basic test, but specific tests are required for accurate results.

  2. Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) The Y-chromosome is passed exclusively from father to son, thus defining the so-called paternal line (surname). With it, we can trace common ancestors from a few hundred years back all the way to prehistory. FamilyTreeDNA offers several levels of tests: Y-37, Y-111 (which analyze STR markers) and the most advanced Big-Y 700, which tests SNP mutations in addition to STR. Prices range from 100 to 400 EUR; for the most accurate placement in the pedigree, the Big-Y test is recommended.

  3. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Mitochondrial DNA is passed from the mother to all children, but only daughters pass it on to their descendants. Therefore, mtDNA defines the so-called maternal line. Similar to the paternal line, this test can trace the paths of female ancestors from a few centuries ago to ancient times. mtDNA tests at FamilyTreeDNA cost approximately 100โ€“160 EUR.

I have performed all tests at FamilyTreeDNA.com, which is the only provider offering all three types of analyses mentioned above in one place. Within this platform, the Slovenian Genealogical Society manages the project Slovensko poreklo (Slovenian Origin). Everyone who has completed testing and has at least one ancestor of Slovenian origin can join the project. More information can be found on the page Slovenian Genetic Heritage.

The results of this project are published on the page Slovenian Genetic Atlas - dnk.rodoslovje.si.

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